Wednesday, 12 August 2015

10. interact with the metabolism of cancer 10.1. Adjuvant therapies In people given radiation therapy (to treat cancer)

10. interact with the metabolism of cancer


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In people given radiation therapy (to treat cancer), zinc sulfate 50 mg three times a day with meals failed to reduce the inflammation of the oral mucosa development or pharyngitis [205] which are common side effects of radiation therapy for head and neck area. [206] Other studies have shown a lack of 220 mg of zinc sulfate (50 mg zinc element) twice a day to reduce the appearance or severity of mucositis. [207]

Some evidence supports the usefulness of zinc supplements in reducing the severity (but not happening) or inflammation of the oral mucosa with 50 mg of zinc (as sulphate) three times a day along with chemotherapy [208] or radiation therapy. [209]

Considers the development of mucositis during radiation therapy and chemotherapy can not be relied upon with zinc supplements
Deviation of taste (dysgeusia) and smell (olfactory disorder) usually occur during chemotherapy [210] known to be associated with a decrease in food intake (the capitalization of cancer cachexia) and low quality of life. It is believed [211] zinc that is useful in this case also is a component of saliva enzyme carbonic anhydrase VI, the sensory cell growth factor. [212] If the cause in the form of lost sense of taste cell death and thus increase cell proliferation can be therapeutic, and people who suffer from the sixth palaces carbonic supplements anhydrase of zinc to 100 mg for a period of 4-6 months may improve symptoms dysgeusic secondary spread of carbonic anhydrase VI . [213]

It has been observed that the improvement in symptoms dysgeusic occur only in people who suffer from a lack of carbonic anhydrase VI and respond to zinc supplements (referred to an increase in saliva zinc) [213] and other studies have found that is not associated with zinc supplements (50 mg elemental zinc twice a day) Persons undergoing chemotherapy with a decrease in symptoms. [171]

Dysgeusia (taste change) and the smell associated with chemotherapy can be useful in some of the affected people, but this is not very reliable


11. aesthetic reactions


It is recommended that zinc supplementation in some cases, for the treatment of acne, [214], and partly due to the zinc levels in the serum are usually lower in people who suffer from severe acne for controls [215] [216] [217] and was believed to have Zinc linked to the ability of chemotherapy to reduce the immune cells of the skin [218] [219] and to discourage possible potential 5α reductase.

Zinc sulfate 600 mg (138 mg of zinc) for six weeks with acne appears to reduce symptoms in about one-third, which was a modest but significantly more active than placebo. [220] This was repeated at a later time with the same dose for 12 weeks effectively, [221] and increased serum vitamin A was associated with zinc.

Subsequent studies have confirmed zinc gluconate effectiveness (30 mg zinc element) with less than minocycline drug reference power as the number of participants who met the primary endpoint in the study (two-thirds of the reduction of symptoms) was 31.2% and 63.4% for zinc and minocycline, respectively. [222] it has been reported efficiency with low doses of zinc in other places. [223]

Accelerin-Read Shocking Nootropic Facts It is known that zinc traded at their lowest levels in people who suffer from acne for those who do not, and believed to be therapeutic by reducing the migration of immune cells to the skin and may reduce the effects of androgens skin. Experiments using zinc memorandum to control acne this standard high supplemental doses have a protective effect modest
In response to the wart virus HPV (HPV), an open study label with zinc sulfate at a dose of 10 mg / kg to a maximum dose of 600 mg / kg (132 mg of zinc component) more than any month that half of the participants experienced solution full of pimples and remained free of lesions and warts when followed in six months. [224] It has been observed in other places with viral warts rebel response to the same dose of oral supplements [225] objective and zinc sulfate (5.10% solution) also appears to be effective, but to a greater degree (resolution from 42.8 to 85.7 %). [226]

Warts which do not originate from viruses and also observed (common warts) benefits with topical application of zinc, but in a much lesser extent (5.11% zinc sulfate solution with 5-10%). [226]

2 months supplementation very high doses of zinc, appears to be very effective in reducing viral warts, based on preliminary experiments. Benefits may last for a long period of time after they stopped supplements, and it seems topical zinc is also effective in high concentrations. Non-viral warts are not suppress more capable
Rosary is a chronic, relapsing disease characterized by flush with the surface of the outbreak of the face inflammation, and usually appears as erythema (redness) and the thickness of the skin resulting in Fimh (hyper sebaceous glands). [227]

100 mg of zinc sulfate three times has been observed in the day with the Rosary to reduce the symptoms of rosacea, but lack this study the failure of the period between the test periods [228] and the study of double blind later in addressing these using zinc 220 mg sulphate (50.8mg zinc) twice daily for three months and found no significant effect. [229]

Zinc human evidence to support the treatment of rosacea is currently small and mixed. While zinc is effective in this role can not claim, the evidence does not support the use of zinc for the treatment of rosacea
50 mg of zinc in psoriasis patients three times a day for six weeks is able to restore the chemical neutrophil impaired. [218]

It has been reported objective pyrithione zinc (studies) to relieve the symptoms of psoriasis [230] and improvements in later assay using this formula (0.25% zinc pyrithione) for people who suffer from psoriasis twice daily for three months, according to the rigid, erythema, and scaling of the average 70.5% decrease in symptoms as assessed by PASI. [231]

Limited evidence suggests that topical zinc pyrithione is very effective for the treatment of psoriasis


12. sexual activity and pregnancy

12.1. Premenstrual syndrome and menopause

A- placebo-controlled two months between high school students and not on birth control with dysmennorrhea primary trial suffered from a decrease in pain as measured by the visual analog scale of 23% in the first month and 61% for the second month in a row in the use of zinc sulfate. The [232] and 220 mg dosage of zinc sulfate three times a day for four days, starting the day before the start of Menstural bleeding. [232]




13.1. Alzheimer's disease

Zinc has an impact bimodal on fibrillization and phosphorylation of a protein called Tau, similar in concept to the β- amyloid proteins that form during Alzheimer's disease, such as high concentrations of zinc (250 microns) to strengthen this process [233] [234] lower concentrations (100μM) and protective . [233] and can compete with copper for binding to β-amyloid proteins definitive way of protection, it is likely that zinc to enhance oxidative damage of β-amyloid [235] copper. [236]

And water with 30ppm given additional zinc-old appeared to be in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease have preventive effects on control in the prevention of memory impairment. [65] This protective effect appears to be associated with less protein (β-amyloid and tau) pathology and improve mitochondrial function and levels of BDNF. [65]


13.2. Celiac disease

Celiac disease is a condition characterized by small intestinal malabsorption of nutrients and increase the permeability of the intestine responds in particular lectins known as wheat (gluten), which primarly with follow a gluten-free without the need for medication inherent diet. [237] [238] in people with celiac disease, this malabsporption, may result in the relative zinc deficiency [239] [240] Although supplementation is not required if the diet gluten-free (and therefore less malabsorption and met). [241]

In people with celiac disease consumes gluten (and thus faces the intestinal malabsorption disorder and gluten intolerance), and can impede the absorption of zinc deficiency and may ensue. Avoid gluten is to avoid these complications and then removing the need for supplements

13.3. Itching

It concludes itching (pruritus) during dialysis with zinc sulfate 440 mg per day for a period of one month to a greater extent than placebo. [242]


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14.1. Vitamin B6

Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) and usually supplemented with zinc and magnesium (such as aspartate) in the formulation known as ZMA. It is recommended that this formula is because two of the metals that are the common shortcomings of the athletes partially (and therefore the priority replacement), however, also mentions that testosterone booster.

It seems to be enhanced by an inhibitor of zinc on the 5α reductase enzyme in the laboratory, which can be up to 98% in 15 mM the effect of zinc sulfate by vitamin B6, as well as resulted in 0.025% B6 to medium in similar levels of inhibition despite using only 1.5-3mM Zinc sulfate. [153] In addition to the combination of the two, 500μM zinc sulfate 0.025% B6 combined with 100μM additional acid, azelaic produces strong inhibition Similarly, [153] and this synergy and clearly has been observed in skin cells, and [153], which is probably due to the inhibition of 5α reductase In particular. [156]

Complications with the above data is that zinc alone may not reach high concentrations enough in the human body to prevent 5α reductase, and at concentrations less (500 Nm) actually increases the activity of the enzyme [155] and that can be the basis for increases in DHT show the humans. [149] Although zinc supplementation with high doses of Vitamin B6 is likely to be effective, and this has not been tested adequately in humans.

While the studies that ZMA check themselves do not tend to measure directly DHT, there seems to be no increase in testosterone [243] is supposed to increase when the 5α reductase enzyme inhibition due to the accumulation (have seen with finasteride [244]).

Zinc is a powerful inhibitor inhernetly 5α reductase (type I) and this energy is increased by the addition of B6. While this leads to the assumption that the combination can cause an increase in the hormone testosterone to DHT account, it does not seem to happen after supplementation oral doses of record in any supplements. This may be due to the focus that is required for strong inhibition and this focus does not occur with oral supplements of zinc, even after reducing requirements by B6

14.2. Ethanol

Alcohol is known to be teratogenic to the fetus, which may be related to the metabolism of zinc process. Specifically, cause excessive alcohol consumption increase in metallothionein [245] then kidnaps zinc [246] and transfer to the fetus. [247] teratogenicity and cognitive impairment fetus can reduce the consumption of zinc in mice [248] [249] [250] [251], although this has not yet been studied in humans.

Reductions in the concentrations of zinc in serum are associated with the negative effects of alcohol on the fetus

14.3. Iron

The transfer of all of the zinc and iron by DMT1 divalent cation transport [252] and Nramp2. [253] can also be saturated transport capacity with excessive levels of the substrate, it is believed that high levels of both metals may impair the absorption of one.

It seems zinc supplementation in a solution to prevent the absorption of iron. With low doses of iron (500mcg) requires 5.7 times as much zinc to prevent absorption while high doses (10 mg) requires only January 1 :. 1 ratio [254] that have been replicated [255] In addition, heme iron is not precisely where a solution of zinc and iron caused a dose dependent inhibition of 28-40% with increasing proportions of zinc. (5: 1-20: 1) [256]

Iron and zinc appear in the solution to compete for absorption, and despite the fact that this is not a concern with the amount of iron seems to be low concernable when all metals are higher than 10 mg. This may be relevant to take supplements that contain them both in the fasting state
Studies using fortified milk (4: 1-300 micrograms kg of iron in infants [257] or 10 mg / L of iron with a ratio of 2/1 in women [258]) has failed to repeat the inhibition of iron absorption.

Studies using iron, zinc, and failed all food products fortified to find zinc-mediated inhibition of iron absorption. It is possible that this is related to the low absorption rate (due to solid food particles in the gut), and the price of the carrier to avoid saturation


Copper deficiency can be caused by disease states (Wilson's disease and Menkes syndrome), and excess losses (nephrotic syndrome) or inadequate dietary intake of copper. Interest on the zinc is how can cause zinc supplementation has been reported to copper deficiency in humans up to a maximum of 600 mg of zinc per day [259] or the excessive use of adhesives based Sunni Zinc (tube per day). [260] [259] [261]

This mechanism through proteins called metallothionein, the abduction of some metals (cadmium, zinc, copper [262]), and control the effects of oxidation on their own. Protein seems to be inducible, being an increase in the response to the content of metals that isolates [263] It is believed that the highest of metallothionein levels can sequester adequately zinc potential toxicity, but exaggerate the copper isolation, leading to copper deficiency if not also overconsumed.

The use of excess zinc can increase the levels of metallothionein, which is due to the kidnapping of the potential of this protein and excess zinc toxic effects. However, since copper also isolate can lead to deficiencies in the fourth when zinc metal ratio: copper is very high
This is therapeutic in some cases, such as excess copper have been implicated in certain disease states such as and Alzheimer's disease cirrhosis of the liver.

To some extent, and this can be therapeutic abduction. This has not been tested with the doses used to induce deficiencies, but, but with more modest "superloading" protocols (100 mg of elemental zinc or something)


15. Safety and Toxicology

15.1. Public

Meta-analysis prepared by using zinc to treat the common cold Note zinc lozenges that have been associated with the change of perception of taste and nausea more than placebo different dose of 30-160mg zinc element. [120] This is in a bit of interventions with zinc for treatment of pneumonia in children, nausea and vomiting occur with greater frequency than placebo.

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